การหลอกลวงผ่าน SMS ในสเปน: วิธีตรวจจับข้อความปลอมจาก Correos ธนาคาร และกรมสรรพากร

SMS scams -- known as smishing -- have become one of the most pervasive forms of fraud in Spain. Beyond the well-known fake Correos delivery messages, scammers are now impersonating banks (Santander, BBVA), the Agencia Tributaria (tax agency), utility companies, and courier services like MRW and SEUR.

The Expanding Smishing Landscape

Impersonated Entity	Typical Message	Goal
Correos	"Your package could not be delivered. Pay customs: [link]"	Credit card theft
Santander/BBVA	"Unauthorized access detected. Verify: [link]"	Banking credentials
Agencia Tributaria	"You have a pending tax refund. Claim here: [link]"	Identity/financial theft
MRW/SEUR	"Delivery rescheduled. Confirm address: [link]"	Personal data theft
Electric/gas company	"Overpayment detected. Request refund: [link]"	Credit card theft
DGT (traffic)	"Unpaid fine. Pay within 24h: [link]"	Financial theft

How Smishing Works

The Technical Side

Scammers use SMS spoofing services that can:

• Display any sender name (e.g., "BBVA", "Correos")
• Insert fake messages into legitimate conversation threads
• Send millions of messages simultaneously at low cost
• Target specific geographic regions

The Psychological Side

Every smishing message relies on:

• Urgency: "24 hours to respond" or "your account will be closed"
• Authority: Impersonating trusted institutions
• Small amounts: Asking for 1-3 EUR does not trigger suspicion
• Fear: Warnings about unauthorized access or unpaid fines

New Vectors in 2025-2026

Fake Agencia Tributaria Messages

Tax season brings a wave of fake tax agency SMS:

• "Your income tax refund of 278.50 EUR is ready. Claim: [link]"
• "Error in your tax declaration. Correct immediately: [link]"

The real Agencia Tributaria never sends refund links via SMS.

Utility Company Phishing

Fake messages from electricity (Iberdrola, Endesa) and gas companies:

• "Overpayment on your last bill. Claim refund: [link]"
• "Service interruption scheduled. Update payment method: [link]"

Courier Service Expansion

Beyond Correos, scammers now impersonate:

• MRW
• SEUR
• GLS
• Amazon Logistics

How to Identify Smishing

Universal Red Flags

1. Contains a link: Legitimate organizations rarely send links via SMS
2. Asks for payment: No real company asks for payment via SMS link
3. Creates urgency: "Act within 24 hours" or "immediate action required"
4. Generic greeting: "Dear customer" instead of your name
5. Suspicious URL: Not the official domain of the company

How to Verify

• Open the company's official app or website directly (never via the SMS link)
• Call the company using the number on their official website
• Check your account status through official channels

Reporting Smishing

Step	Action	Contact
1	Do not click any link	Delete the message
2	Report to INCIBE	Call 017 (free)
3	Report to Policia Nacional	If financial loss occurred
4	Forward to your carrier	Some carriers accept spam reports
5	Alert the impersonated company	Through their official channels

Protect Your Information

Never share personal or financial information through SMS. For secure sharing of sensitive data with trusted contacts, use LOCK.PUB to create password-protected, auto-expiring links instead of sending information through LINE or SMS -- the very channels that scammers exploit.

Stay Safe

Smishing in Spain continues to evolve with new impersonation targets and increasingly convincing messages. The golden rule remains: never click links in SMS messages, and always verify through official channels. Report suspicious messages to INCIBE at 017 -- your report helps protect others.

LOCK.PUB provides a secure alternative for sharing sensitive information without relying on SMS or unencrypted messaging apps.